当对材料施加机械压力或应变时，材料的电阻率发生变化的事实称为压阻效应。这种效果可以使用压阻式压力传感器进行压力测量。它们通常基于与四个应变计结合的硅膜。应变计的排列方式使它们中的两个响应压力下的应变，电阻率发生正变化，两个响应负值。这会产生可用作测量信号的电压。

　　原文：

　　The fact that the electrical resistivity of a material changes when mechanical pressure or strain is applied to the material is called the piezoresistive effect. This effect enables pressure measurement with piezoresistive pressure sensors. They are usually based on a silicon membrane bonded with four strain gauges. The strain gauges are arranged in such a way that two of them respond to the strain under pressure with a positive change in resistivity and two with a negative one. This creates a voltage that can be used as a measuring signal.